ADSS Cable Installation and Construction Manual

With the booming development of the power communication industry, the internal communication optical fiber network of the power system is gradually being established, and the full -media self -inheritance ADSS cable has been widely used. In order to ensure the smooth installation of the ADSS optical fiber cable, and avoid losses caused by improper construction, this installation manual is specially compiled.

This manual provides only some basic descriptions on the installation of the entire media self -inheritance ADSS cable installation.

The ADSS cable is a special optical cable and installation method that is the same as the power lines of the power line. It is consistent with the installation of the power transmission line. You can refer to the installation technology of the ANSI/IEEE 524-1980 standard overhead transmission wire during installation, and the DL/T Ministry of Electricity Industry DL/T. 547-94 Power system optical fiber communication operation management regulations, etc., strictly follow the relevant regulations of the power system with power operation during the construction process.

All participating construction workers must undergo safety training to participate in construction. All high -level devices, electrical appliances, and grounding lines must be sent to the labor management department for inspection. Construction on the poles is strictly prohibited to use slender metal such as tape measures. Construction is not allowed in humid and strong weather.

1. Preparation of pre -construction

In order to make the construction smoothly, it is necessary to prepare before construction, including line survey, material verification, construction plan implementation, personnel training, and construction equipment.

1. The survey of the line:

The routine survey of the upcoming line before construction, understand the difference between the data and the actual line; determine the specification model and quantity of the auxiliary gold tools that need to be manufactured, verify whether the optical cable disk can guarantee that the continuation point is falling at the tolerance tolerance, Or turn on the corner tower; implement the protection measures for cross -leaping and complete the cross -leaping agreement; clean up the routing ground along the line; record the power lines that need to cross the power line in order to go through the power outage procedures during construction; test whether the leap is met to meet the requirements.

2. Material verification:

According to the design requirements of optical cable lines, the optical cables, equipment, test records, and product quality qualification certificates that have been transported to the scene. First check whether the specifications and quantities of the optical cable are consistent with the contract, and check whether the optical cable is damaged during transportation. The optical transmission performance of the optical cable is detected with the optical domain reflex (OTDR) to form a record table, which compares the results with the factory report provided by the manufacturer. Records should be made during testing, and users and manufacturers should hold one to compare the transmission performance of the optical cable. After the optical cable is tested, the cable should be seal again. If the specifications and quantities of the adss cable are incorrect, the manufacturer should be notified in time to ensure the construction progress.

3. Golden gear:

adss cables are supported by various types of golden gear and installed on the tower. The commonly used gold has static (resistant) golden gear, hanging gold gear, spiral shock absorber, and leading down wire clip.

Under normal circumstances, a static gold gear is used in the terminal tower, and each corner is more than 15 degrees with two sets of tower with two sets for pairs; the suspended gold gear is used on the straight tower, one piece of each tower; the spiral shock absorber is the Configure according to the size of the line gear distance. Generally, the distance between the gear below 100 meters is not used, the 100 to 250 -meter range is one end, the two shock absorbers at the end of 251 to 500 meters, and the 501-750 -meter gear distance per side is equipped with each end. The three shock absorber; the bottom line is cited and fixed on the tower on the terminal tower and the continuing tower, generally 1 to 1 to 2.0 meters every 1.5 to 2.0 meters.

4. Transition gold tools:

The gold gear provided by the manufacturer cannot be directly connected to the pole. For different towers, different hanging points, transition gold tools are different. Users need to design and use the type of gold tools according to the actual hanging point. The transition gold tool must have sufficient strength to use thermal dipping treatment; the user should make the transition gold gear before construction. General terminal tower is equipped with one, 2 tower -resistant tower, and 1 straight tower.

The continuation box is used for the continuation of two sections of optical cables, and the excess optical cable is fixed on the tower. The terminal box distributes the multi -core optical cable into a single -core fiber optical cable in the computer room as the introduction of the optical fiber wiring frame or equipment.

5. The confirmation of the construction plan:

The construction unit shall jointly study a set of effective construction plans with the designer according to the specific situation of the line and formulate a construction plan.

The construction plan includes: security technology, the division of labor of the construction personnel, the planning of the required materials, the arrangement of the construction time, and the name and time of the required electric line. For the construction area that needs to be out of power, the relevant power outage should be handled in advance according to the construction plan. When the optical cables and highways, railways, and power lines occur, they should make a shift of the protective frame in advance. When the existing rod tower is not enough, the intensity is insufficient.

6. Training of construction workers:

Before construction, it was chaired by professional engineers to train all personnel participating in construction. Understand the structure of the adss cable, and know how to protect the optical cable. The strength of the optical cable outer cover cannot be compared with the power line. During the construction process, the surface of the optical cable is not allowed to be damaged, even if it is slightly worn, because the electrostatic corrosion first starts from here.

adss cables do not allow excessive tension and side pressure. The restrictions on the bending radius of the optical cable, the dynamic is not less than 25 times that of the cable diameter, and the static is not less than 15 times the cable diameter.

Perform the correct demonstration operations of gold tangling, tightness, etc., and ensure that the grip between gold and optical cable meets the design requirements. Strictly abide by the rules and regulations of the construction operation (optical cable) to ensure the safety of personal and equipment.

7. Equipment of construction appliances

⑴, tension machine: tension machine is a necessary tool in the process of optical cable construction. The tension machine's tension should be able to adjust flexibly. The range of tension changes should be between 1 and 5kn. Or it is made of nylon, the depth of the wheel groove should be greater than the outer diameter of the optical cable, and the width of the wheel groove is 1.5 times the diameter of the optical cable.

⑵, traction rope: In order to effectively protect the optical cable, the traction rope must be used during the setting process. The traction rope is made of aramid fiber bundle and polyethylene condom. Light; 3. Small extension rate; 4. After the releasing of the tension, it will not be circled.

(3), Drinking: The cable should support the cable disk. It is recommended to use a shaft -type cable shelf. The cable discs and axis hearts do not have relative exercise during the cable. The cable should be equipped with a braking device, which should be freely adjusted according to the size of the cable.

(4), pulley: The optical cable cannot be separated from the pulley throughout the traction process. The quality of the pulley is related to whether the optical cable can be effectively protected. The wheel groove of the pulley should be made of nylon or rubber. The pulley should be flexible. The diameter of the pulley used at the corner rod tower and the terminal pole tower must be> 500mm. The width and depth requirements of the slide are the same as the tension machine. Traction smoothly.

(5), traction machine: The wheel -type and rolled tractors used in the construction of the power line can be used for the installation of the adss cable. The construction should be selected according to the actual situation and the previous construction experience.

(6), traction network sleeve and retreat: The traction network sleeve is used to pull the optical cable and make it pass smoothly through the pulp. The net set should be a double or three -layer twisted empty rod. The inner diameter is matched with the cable diameter. During the traction process, the traction tension is consistent with the tension. A rotating twistler is attached to the network set to prevent the optical cable from distorting the traction process.

(7), Auxiliary facilities: Before installation, intercom, high boards, helmets, seat belts, signs, ground stages, traction ropes, electrical inspection, tension meter, woolen bamboo, transportation shops, etc. must be fully prepared.

Safety matters: In the process of optical cable setting, the safety of personnel is the most important. For specific problems in construction, please follow the safety regulations and precautions of the construction unit and not risk.

When installing ADSS, you must follow the various security regulations of the construction unit. If necessary, the warning signs and traffic guidance should be used to designate the work area and guide traffic. When working on the streets and highways, the optical cable placed should be consistent with the direction of the traffic flow, and sent a special person to direct traffic.

All installation personnel need to use the correct installation tools and use corresponding personal protection measures for correct operations. If inappropriate equipment is used, it may cause harm to construction personnel and optical cables.

When installing the adss cable when the transmission line is in a working state, or when there are other power supply lines on the tower that is installed, you need to carefully read the safety precautions and related operating technical requirements in front of the transmission line.

Although ADSS is a full media structure, it will inevitably contaminate water due to the surface and surrounding air, which will bring a certain conductivity. Therefore, in the high -voltage environment, the attachment of the optical cable and its golden tools should be grounded directly.

According to the requirements of relevant regulations, the maximum per hanging of the adss cable must meet the minimum vertical cleaning of the optical cable and other buildings, trees, and communication lines. During the inspection, it is necessary to find out the cause of the cause in time. As shown below:

2,  optical cable construction process

Optical cable loading and unloading:

Use the lifting equipment to remove the optical cable from the car or slowly roll the optical cable from the springboard. Do not push it directly from the car. , To avoid bumping the optical cable. The optical cable disk is lifted by flange or through the central turbine. Putting on the cable shelf can ensure the smoothness of the optical cable, and the braking device of the cable shelf is flexible.

Auxiliary gold gear installation:

In accordance with the design requirements, the auxiliary gold tool installation is in place. If you change the installation position at will, it will change the optical cable to induced the potential in the electric field, which may exacerbate the electrical corrosion. Generally, the auxiliary gold gear is installed and hung on the pulley. The optical cable passes through the tower from the outside. The pulley on the corner tower should be supported outward to avoid friction with the tower with the tower during the traction process.

Location of the traction rope:

The length of each traction rope should not be greater than two kilometers. The distribution of the traction rope is generally completed by manual. When the ground conditions are complicated (such as rivers, bushes, etc.) , Then drive the traction rope by the thin rope. The connection between the traction rope must be reliable, and a retreat should be added at the connection between the traction rope and the optical cable.

The arrangement of the traction machine and the tension machine:

The traction machine and the tension machine are installed at the first tower and the last tower, respectively. The tension machine should be placed far away from the terminal rod tower, which is more than four times the height of the hanging point. The tension machine should be fixed on the ground, so that it is sufficient to bear the traction tension and tight tension. The outline direction of the tension machine should be consistent with the line of the terminal tower.

Examination before traction:

After the traction rope is laid, a certain tension (not less than the tension when the cable is the cable), and the strength of the traction rope and the connection point, so as not to cause the optical cable to land suddenly due to the broken traction rope during the traction rope. During the traction process, the optical cable always keeps a certain distance from other obstacles.

Taking optical cable:

The adss cable traction process is the key to the entire construction. The two ends should be kept in communication. Dedicated by a special person, the traction speed is generally not greater than 20m/min. During the traction process, someone should be synchronized with the front end of the optical cable to observe whether the optical cable touches the branches, buildings, ground, etc. If you have contact, you should increase your tension. When the cable end is observed by the tower, whether the connection between the cable and the traction rope passes smoothly through the pulley, and assist it if necessary. At the same time, check whether the surface of the optical cable is damaged, and the problems are found to be solved in time; if necessary, the corner is used to use a double -string pulley. Someone should always be guarded to prevent the optical cable from getting out of the pulley. The tension on the optical cable should not be too large. Each specification adss cable product provides an arc and tension data table. When tractioning the optical cable, the optical cable is prevented from reversing. Put the line, cancel the tension, and adjust the position of the pulley.

Cross -leaping treatment:

Anyone who has a cross -leaping must implement leaping measures to prevent the optical cable empty to the ground during the traction process. When the cross -power line is conditional, the road should be stopped. To obtain the consent of the transportation management department and ask them to assist in the management of transportation, a security reminder road sign should be set up 1 kilometer before and after the construction section. Specific requirements are as follows:
Power lines above 10KV, 35KV:

1. Before construction, you must conduct field surveys on the across power line to determine the situation of cross -line names, rod numbers, voltage levels, and geographical environment to negotiate the leaping method.

2. For each of the cross -line lines, specific and feasible safety technical measures must be formulated and specified to be familiar with grasp. During the construction, it is responsible for the monitoring and command of this section of construction.

3. When this voltage level spans the construction, if conditions permit, try to apply for power outages and then construction. If it is found to be difficult to cross the construction difficulty or danger, the power failure must be applied. After the power outage, please follow the power line construction specifications.

4. When there is no power outage and spanning point wires and the ground distance, and the environmental conditions are better, construction can be carried out without power output. The specific construction methods and requirements are as follows:
1) Check the relevant information and field survey (necessary to ask for experienced line workers) to determine the situation of cross -line conditions, such as the new and old situation, the distance between the distance, the vertical pulling force that can be affordable, and the conditions for short -circuit.
2) The method of formulating the insulation traction rope crossing the wire and avoiding the short circuit and the method of solid the wire (the crossbow bow or other appropriate ways can throw the insulating traction rope over the wire, and fix the bilateral wire of the two -sided method with the "eight characters" method.
3) Before construction, carefully check whether the connection between the insulation ropes is firm, whether the connector is smooth, and whether the appliance is used is intact and reliable.
4) During construction, special personnel should be sent to monitor, conduct and observe, and immediately order the construction to stop the construction. Only when the problem is indeed solved, the construction can be carried out.
5) When doing these jobs, the staff must wear insulating gloves and ensure the safe distance between the construction staff and the charging body. For all kinds of temporary pull lines, etc., it is necessary to operate strictly in accordance with the procedures, so that who can install and remove, and there are installations and demolition.

Highways and expressways:

1. When crossing ordinary roads with fewer vehicles, after the preparations are completed, send a special person to the safe distance (about 1,000 meters) on both sides of the crossing point to stop vehicles and pedestrians, and place warning signs as required. At the crossing point, concentrate manpower to complete the crossing work safely in a short time. If it is not possible to stop the vehicle, consult with the traffic police in advance and ask for assistance.

2. When crossing an expressway, a special person should be sent in advance to check the driving schedule of the highway being crossed, and select the time period with the least traffic volume for the crossing work. Preparations should be made before crossing, and during the crossing period, send a special person to the safe distance (about 1,000 meters) on both sides of the crossing point to stop vehicles, and place warning signs as required. At the crossing point, concentrate manpower to complete the crossing work safely in a short time. If it is not possible to stop the vehicle, consult with the traffic police in advance and ask for assistance.

Railway:

Before crossing the railway, a special person should be sent to the crossing point to observe the operation of the train, arrange the timetable for the train to run at this point, and select the crossing period through the timetable. All preparations should be made before crossing, and a special person should be sent to at least 2,000 meters on both sides of the crossing point for care. The communication tools equipped should be ensured to be unobstructed. Under the condition of ensuring that no train passes, concentrate manpower to quickly connect the traction rope in a short time and slowly raise it, and firmly hang it on the starting and ending towers at both ends of the railway. In order to prevent the traction rope or optical cable from sagging during the tightening process and affecting the normal passage of the train, dry insulating ropes should also be used to tighten the crossing cable at the appropriate position so that the traction rope or optical cable will not sag during the tightening period.

Rivers and reservoirs:

When crossing rivers and reservoirs, people must be sent along the reservoir edge or ships and ships must be used for ferrying. When crossing, use thinner insulating ropes to transfer step by step. When the traction rope is transferred to the starting and ending towers on both sides of the reservoir or river, slowly lift the traction rope. During the lifting process, a special person should be assigned to watch and command in a unified manner to prevent the traction rope from bouncing suddenly. After the traction rope leaves the water surface and reaches a safe distance, the construction must be suspended. After the traction rope is dried on the surface, the construction can be continued.

Determine the sag:

The tightening process of the optical cable is similar to that of the power line. The optical cable is clamped with a static end fitting. After the cable is pulled in place, after the stress transmission and the tension of the tightening line are balanced, the sag is observed. The size of the arc is in accordance with the design requirements. Climbing the tower is not allowed during tightening. All optical cables entering the traction machine should be cut off.

Installation of hardware:

When installing hardware on a pole tower, three people are usually required to work together. One person is responsible for managing materials and acting as a safety supervisor, and two people are responsible for operation: The pre-twisted wire of the optical cable hardware is relatively long. On the pole tower, it must be placed horizontally along the power line. The installer must wear a grounding wire. The operator is about two meters away from the pole tower. Generally, a protective rope can be used, which must be sufficient to bear the weight of the operator.

During the winding operation on the tower, the dancing range of the pre-twisted wire end should be strictly limited. According to the relevant regulations of the power system, its distance from the power line is always greater than the safe distance.

When winding the inner pre-twisted wire, be careful not to damage the surface of the optical cable. When approaching the tail end, use a non-metallic wedge to move the pre-twisted wire to prevent damage to the surface of the optical cable. After winding the pre-twisted wire, use a wooden handle to gently tap it to make it have better contact with the optical cable. When winding the hardware, determine the installation position according to the mark on the hardware.

When the static end hardware at both ends of a tension section is installed, the middle hanging hardware can be installed. First, mark the intersection of the pulley and the optical cable as the center of the hardware, wind the inner pre-twisted wire first, then close the two rubber parts, wind the outer pre-twisted wire, install the aluminum casting and aluminum clip, and connect the hardware with the transition hardware through the U-shaped ring. After the hardware is installed, install the shock absorber at any time.

Remaining cable processing: To ensure that the connection operation is carried out on the ground, 30m of optical cable should be reserved at the connection point, which is determined according to the height of the tower. The down-lead optical cable should be fixed on the tower with the down-lead wire clamp to prevent friction between the optical cable and the tower. After the connection is completed, the remaining optical cable should be coiled (the circle size is consistent, neat and beautiful). During the coiling process, the optical cable should be prevented from bending and twisting. The diameter of the cable circle should not be less than 600mm, and the remaining cable should be placed at least 6m from the ground.

The optical cable is led down from the frame and should be inserted into a steel pipe 1.8m above the ground. The diameter of the steel pipe should be no less than 40mm, and the bending radius of the steel pipe should be no less than 200mm. The steel pipe should be fixed on the frame; the optical cables passing through the underground or the Belgian trench in the substation should be protected by pipes, and marked to prevent damage to the optical cables during the construction of power cables.

3. Optical cable splicing and records
Optical cable splicing should be carried out on sunny days. Before splicing, the installed optical cable should be measured and then spliced, and the splicing should be carried out while measuring to increase the splicing speed. After the construction of the optical cable is completed, various written records should also be made, including:
1. Optical cable route plan;
2. Optical cable crossing facilities and spanning distance records;
3. Optical cable splicing point mark map;
4. Optical fiber distribution map;
5. Optical fiber transmission performance test record.

The completion report and test data files should be properly kept, submitted to the relevant departments for record, and provided to the maintenance unit for reference during regular inspections and repairs.

For more ADSS optical cable installation technology, please consult: [email protected], or Whatsapp: +86 18508406369;