Ngaphakathi kwentambo yi-copper core wire; ngaphakathi kwintambo yokukhanya yifiber yeglasi. Intambo idla ngokuba yintambo efana nentambo eyenziwe ngokujija amaqela amaninzi okanye aliqela eingcingo (iqela ngalinye ubuncinane ezimbini). Intambo yamehlo ngumgca wonxibelelwano oqulunqwe inani elithile lemicu ye-optical ngendlela ethile kwaye igqunywe nge-sheath, kwaye ezinye zigqunywe nge-sheath yangaphandle ukuqonda ukuhanjiswa kwesignali ye-optical.
Xa ifowuni iguqula isignali ye-acoustic ibe ngumqondiso wombane kwaye emva koko idlulisele ekutshintsheni ngomgca, umtshintshi uhambisa uphawu lombane ngokuthe ngqo kwenye ifowuni ngomgca wokuphendula. Umgca wothumelo ngexesha le ncoko yintambo.
Xa ifowuni iguqula isignali ye-acoustic ibe yisignali yombane kwaye idlulisele kwi-switch ngokusebenzisa umgca, utshintshi ludlulisela uphawu lombane kwisixhobo sokuguqula i-photoelectric (ukuguqula umqondiso wombane ube ngumqondiso we-optical) kwaye uyithumele kwesinye isixhobo sokuguqula i-photoelectric. ngelayini (iguqula isignali yokubona). Umqondiso uguqulwa ube ngumqondiso wombane), kwaye emva koko kwisixhobo sokutshintsha, ukuya kwenye ifowuni ukuphendula. Umgca phakathi kwezixhobo ezimbini zokuguqula i-photoelectric yintambo ye-optical cable.
Intambo ikakhulu icopper core wire. Iidayamitha zocingo ezingundoqo zahlulwe zibe yi-0.32mm, 0.4mm kunye ne-0.5mm. Ubukhulu bedayamitha, kokukhona bomelela amandla onxibelelwano; kwaye ngokwenani leentambo ezingundoqo, kukho: izibini ezi-5, izibini ezili-10, izibini ezingama-20, izibini ezingama-50, izibini ezili-100, 200 Ewe, linda. Iintambo ze-Optical zihlulwe kuphela ngenani leentambo eziphambili, inani leentambo eziphambili: 4, 6, 8, 12 pairs njalo njalo.
Intambo: Inkulu ngokobukhulu, ubunzima, kwaye iyalambatha kubuchule bonxibelelwano, ngoko inokusetyenziswa kuphela kunxibelelwano olufutshane. Intambo ye-Optical: Ineenzuzo zobukhulu obuncinci, ubunzima, ixabiso eliphantsi, umthamo omkhulu wonxibelelwano, kunye nokukwazi ukunxibelelana olomeleleyo. Ngenxa yezinto ezininzi, okwangoku isetyenziselwa kuphela umgama omde kunye ne-point-to-point (oko kukuthi, amagumbi amabini okutshintsha) ukuhanjiswa konxibelelwano.
Ngokwenyani, umahluko phakathi kweentambo kunye neentambo ze-optical zibonakaliswa ikakhulu kwimiba emithathu.
Okokuqala: Kukho umahluko kwizinto eziphathekayo. Iintambo zisebenzisa izinto zetsimbi (uninzi lwethu ubhedu, i-aluminium) njengabancedisi; iintambo zamehlo zisebenzisa iintsinga zeglasi njengabancedisi.
Okwesibini: Kukho umahluko kwisignali yothumelo. Intambo ihambisa imiqondiso yombane. Iintambo ze-Optical zihambisa imiqondiso ye-optical.
Okwesithathu: Kukho iiyantlukwano kububanzi besicelo. Iintambo ngoku zisetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye nokuhanjiswa kwedatha yesiphelo esisezantsi (njengefowuni). Iintambo ze-Optical zisetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa kwedatha.
Kwizicelo eziphathekayo, kuyaziwa ukuba iintambo ze-optical zinamandla amakhulu okuhambisa kuneentambo zobhedu. Icandelo le-relay linomgama omde, ubungakanani obuncinci, ubunzima bokukhanya, kwaye akukho ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic. Ngoku sele iphuhlise imigca emikhulu yomgama omde, i-intra-city relays, offshore and trans- Umqolo wonxibelelwano lwe-submarine yolwandle, kunye neentambo zothumelo lwentambo zothungelwano lwengingqi, uthungelwano lwabucala, njl. uthungelwano losasazo lwelophu yomsebenzisi esixekweni, ukubonelela ngeentambo zothumelo zefiber-to-ekhaya kunye ne-broadband edibeneyo yenkonzo yothungelwano lwedijithali.